VLOOKUP or INDEX MATCH.. Which one is better?

In the office, my co-worker told me he couldn't get state of Ranking 1 by using VLOOKUP.
I recommended INDEX and MATCH combination function to him.
He make a mistake.
If we use VLOOKUP,  it only can look from left to right.

Let's take a look at the picture below.

If you use VLOOKUP, it does not work.
Now, let's use INDEX and MATCH to resolve the error.
Let's take a look at the picture below.

Wow, we finally get the state of Ranking 1.

When you use EXCEL functions, sometimes they look very complicated.
Do not worry about it.
Just break down the functions.
First of all, INDEX function means INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num]) 
 1) =INDEX($B$3:$B$13,2) indicates Ohio, =INDEX($B$3:$B$13,6) indicates Tenessee.
Secondly, MATCH function means MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type])
 1) =MATCH(G3,$D$3:$D$13,0) indicates 7

Can you understand?
See below. it would help you understand.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IyAJqysLFA&list=PLMR2NWthuzq7Vw6MFNMNPztnUHir2XrI1&index=1